Before your Pre-K student begins the exciting process of learning to read conventionally, they should engage in many different literacy experiences to build a strong understanding about how printed language works.

Singing songs and rhymes, listening to read-alouds, and having rich conversations about the world around them helps them to build the foundational literacy skills of a successful reader.  

There is so much your child is learning and absorbing that will prepare them to read words independently. As you engage in literacy experiences with your child, they are developing key understandings about printed language that will support their comprehension and word reading ability later on.

Reading Concepts for Preschoolers

Preschoolers are likely early in the process of learning to read, but there are many foundational skills you can build at this young age.

3 Strategies to Support Your Preschooler

Here are 3 key understandings about words and print, along with strategies to support your child. 

1. Words represent objects and ideas

Your child is learning that the printed markings they see in books, TV shows, signs, are called words and that they have meaning. These words represent objects and ideas and (spoken and printed) are used to communicate with others.

Very young children typically pay attention to adults and/or the pictures in a book to make meaning from the story. Preschoolers are beginning to recognize that meaning is also made from the printed words and represent spoken language.

Use the following strategies to help your preschooler develop this understanding:

Point to Print During Storytime

Read a story to your child.

While you read, draw attention to the words in the story by sweeping your finger underneath the words as you read them. For more insights on how this method benefits early literacy, check out The Power of Shared Reading.

Pause periodically to tell your child what a word says (e.g., This word says, “ball”). 

Go on a “Word” Hunt

Look for print in the world around you. Your groceries, books, TV shows and movies, phone, written letters all contain print.

Point these out with your child and talk about what these words mean. Extend your discussion by talking about the purpose of the print. (e.g., a stop sign tells us something we need to do, the word “chocolate” tells us the flavor of the milk). 

2. Words are made up of sounds

Preschoolers are learning that all of these spoken and written words are made up of individual sounds!

This understanding is key to supporting your child in building an awareness of different sounds and being able to isolate and read them in print.

You can use some of these activities to help your child build an awareness of sounds:

Read Books with Alliteration

Alliteration books offer a rich opportunity to attend to sounds at the beginning of a word.

For example, “Sally saw seven swans”. As you read books with alliteration, point out the repeated sound in the sentence and say the sound with your child.

Provide lots of support and encouragement in listening and producing alliterative words together.

 

3. Sounds are represented by letters

In addition to learning that words are made up of smaller sounds, they also learn that letters represent those sounds.

For example, there are 2 sounds in the word “at”; the sound /a/ and the sound /t/ and they are represented by the letters “a” and “t” respectively. The understanding that those sounds are represented by the corresponding letters is known as the alphabetic principle. 

Preschoolers are learning the names and the sounds for the 26 letters. This is important as they advance to reading words independently by blending the sounds of a word together. Find more tips on teaching letter sounds and phonics to children with our How to Teach Phonics post.

Prepare your child to be a confident letter-sound linker by using the following activities:

Read an Alphabet Book

An alphabet book provides an appropriate space for exploring the letters, their names, the sounds they make and enjoying different objects that begin with that letter.

Encourage your child to name each letter and make its sound along with you. For extra practice, try printing out our Letter Coloring Pages.

 

Try Digital Learning Apps

Playing on digital learning apps can be a supportive way to introduce and practice letter sounds.

Apps like ABCmouse have highly engaging activities like interactive games and songs that will help your child learn the letters and their sounds.

How To Help Your Preschooler With Reading At Home

1. Encourage a Love of Reading
   
   Since reading plays a vital role in a child’s overall success, it’s good to remember the small things you can do to help kids love it.  

2. Read Anything and Everything
   
   The cereal box, signs at stores, billboards, instructions—regularly pointing out all the different things you can read helps show kids why it’s an important part of our daily lives. Even pointing out familiar letters to your child helps reaffirm the beginning reading skills they’re developing.  

3. Introduce Kids to a Variety of Books
   
   You don’t have to buy a lot of books to have access to them. You can often find plenty of books between public libraries and Little Free Libraries. You could also try a book exchange with friends. By exposing kids to a variety of books, they’re bound to find something that catches their interest and helps them develop an even greater love of reading. 

4. Get a Library Card
   
   If you want to see an empowered kid, give them access to their library card. This is a great way to give kids ownership of their reading journey. Next time you’re at the library, let your child scan their library card at checkout or hand it over to the librarian. Keeping them involved in the process helps them enjoy it even more. 

5. Let Them See You Reading
   
   When kids see adults reading, they also see how others value it. Whether you’re reading books or reading signs and billboards while running errands, it’s good to model all the possibilities out there. 

6. Make Reading Special 
   
   Regularly setting aside time for reading and making it an enjoyable experience can make a big difference for kids. It might be tempting to rush through or cut the reading time short, but if you can make it special and stretch that time out, it’ll go a long way. 

Looking for More Printable Activities for your Preschooler?

See All ABCmouse Printables